ABSTRACT
CONTEXT: The stem cell model for cancer assumes that a key event in tumorigenesis is the deregulation of genes involved in the regulation of stem cell self-renewal. The Musashi family is an evolutionarily conserved group of neural RNA-binding proteins. In mammals, the family consists of two individual genes, Musashi 1 (MSI1) and MSI2, encoding the Musashi 1 and Musashi 2 proteins. Musashi 1 is involved in the regulation of self-renewal of stem cells. Recently, its over-expression has also been reported in a variety of human tumors. AIMS: To investigate a potential expression of the stem cell self-renewal gene, Musashi 1, in human bladder cancer, we examined its gene expression in a series of tumor and non-tumor tissue samples of bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Relative expression of MSI1 was determined by the real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in 70 surgical samples of bladder. RESULTS: Using specific primers for MSI1 and TBP (as an internal control) for qRT-PCR technique, we found a relatively high expression level of MSI1 in all examined tumor and non-tumor bladder tissue specimens. However, our data did not show any correlation between the level of gene expression and tumor/non-tumor states of the samples (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: All together, our data demonstrated that Musashi 1 is highly and un-differentially expressed in both examined tumoral and apparently normal bladder tissues.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The appropriate application of Endoscopic modalities for polypectomy depends on the likelihood that the adenoma in question harbors invasive cancer. While prior studies have evaluated polyp size and morphology in assessing the risk of malignancy, in recent decay some authorities have paid more attention to dysplasia. All in all, the relative risk of cancer based on polyp distribution in correlation with dysplasia has not been statistically studied which is done in our study. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between June 2001 and March 2004, the distribution of 130 adenomatous polyps was compared with synchronous invasive or in situ cancer. Factors such as Patient age, Patients gender, location of lesion, size of polyp, histological subtype of adenoma on biopsy, degree of dysplasia, synchronous cancer, color of polyp, and number of polyps were included in the data collection. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression test was used to evaluate the association between malignancy and various clinical variables. It revealed histological subtype, high grade of dysplasia and size to be independent predictor of malignancy. However; left-sided location and histological subtype to be independent risk factor for high-grade dysplasia. CONCLUSION: Lesions greater than 1 cm in diameter with high-grade dysplasia after splenic flexure should be managed as presumptive malignancies with segmental colon resection. In intermediate-risk lesions the physician should decide individually.